Few women know that men also have discharge. As in women, in men they are normal and odorless. Only in women are it called "leucorrhoea" and they emerge from the vagina, while in men it drains from the urethra. Of course, any pathological discharge indicates poor health and requires a visit to a doctor.
Physiological secretions
The health of a man is evidenced by physiological discharge from the outlet of the urethra, which is observed in the following cases:
Increased sebum secretion or physiological urethra
This condition is observed when clear discharge occurs during sexual stimulation or in the morning, immediately after sleep. Their number in different men is different and is directly related to the severity of sexual arousal. But in any case, it should be remembered that during such ejaculation, when stimulated contains a small amount of sperm, so if they get on her partner's genitals, she is at risk of pregnancy. The function of the secretion is described as ensuring the movement of sperm through the urethra and vagina of women, where there is an acidic environment capable of destroying "gum", and bringing them in a viable form. into the uterus and fallopian tubes. for the egg to be fertilized.
Prostate defects
During increased intra-abdominal pressure (when pushing), a clear, odorless discharge may appear, possibly with a grayish-white streak on the tip of the penis. Such discharge is viscous and consists of a mixture of prostatic secretions and seminal vesicles. Such discharges may appear at the end of urination, in this case they speak of prostatic hypersecretion. In some special cases, such discharge appears accompanied by a strong cough. They are not considered an organic pathology, but only indicate a violation of the autonomic regulation of the functioning of the genital organs.
Smegma
Smegma (pre-sex lubrication) is a secretion consisting of secretions from the sebaceous glands of the head of the penis and foreskin. Usually, if a man observes the rules of personal hygiene, such a discharge does not cause inconvenience, since it is mechanically washed off with water. But if not cleaned, dirt will accumulate and microorganisms multiply in it, which is the source of unpleasant odors.
Isolate sperm?
Sperm, which contains a large number of spermatozoa, is usually secreted during ejaculation (ejaculation) at the end of intercourse or spontaneously, during sleep (wet dream). Pollution occurs in adolescent boys and occurs several times per month or 1 to 3 times a week (hormonal changes).
In some cases, hyperspermia, i. e. sperm that comes out of the urethra without intercourse and orgasm, indicates a pathology where the tone of the muscular layer of the vas deferens is disturbed in the presence of inflammation. chronic or brain diseases.
Discharge from hospital
All discharges other than physiological are pathological and manifest mainly as urethritis or urethritis. The causes of urethritis in men are different, they can be infectious and non-infectious.
Infectious causes are divided into specific and non-specific.
- Specific etiological factors include sexually transmitted diseases such as trichomoniasis.
- Nonspecific infectious urethritis caused by opportunistic bacteria, viruses and fungi:
- urethritis caused by chlamydia;
- ureaplasma and mycoplasma urethritis;
- Candida urethritis or urogenital candidiasis in men;
- herpetic urethritis and others (Escherichia coli, streptococci, staphylococci).
Non-infectious factors of inflammation include:
- allergic reaction
- mechanical damage to the urethral mucosa
- urethral irritation with chemicals
- trauma, urethral stricture.
Male discharge can vary in transparency and color. These parameters are influenced by the intensity of the inflammatory process, its stage and the etiological factor. Secretions are made up of fluid, mucus, and various cells.
- Cloudy - if there are many cells, then the discharge is cloudy.
- Gray or solid - with the majority of epithelial cells in the secretions, they become gray and thick.
- Yellow, green or yellow-green - when a large number of leukocytes are contained in the secretions, they become yellow and even green, they are also called purulent secretions.
It should be noted that with the same pathology, the nature of the discharge changes over time.
White discharge
White discharge in men is due to a number of causes. First of all, it is necessary to rule out candidiasis. With this disease, the following symptoms are observed:
- the tip of the penis has an unpleasant smell of sourdough or yeast;
- the tip of the penis is covered with a layer of milky white paint;
- itching, burning and even pain in the penis and in the perineum area are noted;
- discharge occurs when urinating;
- red spots (itching, inflammation) on the glans and the inner surface of the foreskin;
- pain occurs during sex, discomfort in the glans and foreskin;
- white discharge is noted, not only when urinating;
- Your partner complains of itching and burning, pain during intercourse, and oily discharge.
In addition to urogenital candidiasis, white discharge can be caused by chlamydia and/or ureaplasmosis and mycoplasmosis, and can also refer to prostatitis, which is characterized by:
- Difficult and interrupted urination
- burning sensation in the perineum and urethra;
- discomfort during bowel movements;
- frequent urination;
- sexual dysfunction (decreased libido and erection, rapid ejaculation, blurred orgasm).
It is important for men to remember that unnoticed prostatitis can lead to not only persistent erectile dysfunction but also infertility.
Transparent options
- Chlamydia, ureaplasmosis - clear mucus discharge can occur with chlamydial or ureaplasmic urethritis in the chronic stage of the disease. With an exacerbation of the process, the number of leukocytes in the secretions increases and they are greenish or yellowish.
- Trichomoniasis, gonorrhea - also clear, abundant discharge with a lot of mucus, observed during the day, possibly in the early stages of Trichomonas or gonococci infection. In the case of chlamydial infection (uremic sepsis), there is usually no subjective sensation (pain, itching, burning) and a clear discharge occurs after prolonged abstinence from urination.
Gold discharge
Purulent discharge, including sloughing of the urethral epithelium, a significant number of white blood cells and urethral mucus, is yellow or green. Yellow or green discharge is a characteristic sign of sexually transmitted diseases.
- Gonorrhea - thick discharge with an unpleasant odor, observed during the day and accompanied by pain during urination. A man should first think of a UTI if he has some of the classic symptoms: discharge and itching.
- Trichomoniasis - also with yellow discharge, does not exclude trichomoniasis, although it is often asymptomatic. With severe symptoms of Trichomonas infection, in addition to the purulent discharge, the man is also worried about the burning and burning pain when urinating, frequent and irresistible, the feeling of heaviness in the abdomen. and discomfort in the perineum.
Smelly discharge
Hygiene violation
In particular, unpleasant odors can be observed in the perineum and penis if the sanitary conditions of the intimate area are not followed:
- Smegma is an excellent breeding ground for microorganisms, which multiply and die, creating an unpleasant odor if you do not regularly wash the external genitalia thoroughly.
- In addition, the smegma itself can have an unpleasant odor in cases of metabolic disorders (eg, diabetes mellitus in men). At the same time, the secretion of smegma is so intense that it seeps through the panties.
Infection
Odorous discharge is commonly observed with an infected urethral lesion. First of all, urethritis caused by pyuria should be excluded - a thick, yellow or green discharge that can be observed throughout the day.
A sour-smelling discharge is a pathological symptom of urogenital candidiasis. Infection with fungi of the genus Candida causes the appearance of a milky or milky discharge.
A fishy-smelling discharge may also occur, which is inherent in vitiligo, which is more characteristic in women (called bacterial vaginosis), and in men the development of this disease is rather meaningless. Gardnerella belongs to conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and begins to multiply actively only under certain conditions:
- weakened immunity;
- simultaneous inflammatory processes of the genital organs;
- intestinal dysbacteriosis;
- the use of condoms with spermicide;
- long-term treatment with antibiotics or immunosuppressants (cytostatics, corticosteroids);
- tight underwear of synthetic fabrics;
- promiscuous sex life.
In addition, discharge with an unpleasant odor can cause diseases such as:
- inflammation of the penis (inflammation of the tip of the penis)
- balanoposthitis (inflammation of the inner surface of the foreskin).
But in addition to discharge (not from the urethra, but smegma), these diseases are accompanied by congestion and itching, penile pain, ulcers and wrinkling on the glans.
Discharge with blood
Infection
Bleeding or bloody discharge is commonly observed with an infectious lesion of the urethra. Mixed blood is characteristic of diabetes mellitus, trichomoniasis or candidal urethritis. Furthermore, blood volume is directly related to the intensity of inflammation.
Most often, blood is observed in chronic urethritis (the mucous membrane of the urethra loosens and reacts with bleeding from contact with the slightest irritation, including passing through the urinary tract).
Medical manipulation
Another reason for this is injury to the urethra during medical procedures. In cases of rough hygiene, catheterization and removal, cystoscopy, or smear sampling can occur immediately. They differ in that the blood is bright red, there are no clots, and the blood stops very quickly on its own.
The path of rocks and sand
Among other things, bleeding can be observed when small stones or sand (from the kidneys or bladder) pass through the urethra. The hard surface of the microparticles injures the mucous membranes and vessel walls, causing bleeding. In this case, blood is most noticeable when urinating, accompanied by pain.
Glomerulonephritis
Generalized hematuria (hematuria, visible during urination) can also occur in the presence of glomerulonephritis. In this case, there is a triad of symptoms: gross hematuria, edema, and hypertension.
Malignant Tumors
One of the signs of malignant neoplasms of the genitourinary system (cancer of the prostate, penis, testicles and others) is the appearance of blood in a man. In this case, the blood will be brown or dark in color and clots may appear.
Isolate blood from semen
We must not forget about such a symptom as the release of blood with sperm (hematospermia). Distinguish between false and true coagulopathy. In sham, blood is mixed with semen during its passage through the urethra. And with real blood entering the ejaculate even before it passes through the urethra. Hematospermia is accompanied by the following symptoms:
- pain during ejaculation;
- urination disorders;
- pain and/or swelling in the genitals (testicles and scrotum);
- discomfort and pain in the lower back;
- increase body temperature.
Some of the causes of hemophilia are:
- an excessively active sex life or vice versa,
- abstinence from prolonged sexual intercourse, during intercourse with rupture of blood vessels in the tissues of the genital organs.
- Previous surgery or biopsy can also cause blood to appear in the semen
- Hematospermia occurs in both benign and malignant neoplasms of the genital organs.
- with the presence of stones in the testicles and vas deferens
- with varicose veins of the pelvic organs.